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1.
Av. periodoncia implantol. oral ; 28(3): 147-154, dic. 2016. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-158812

RESUMO

El sector anterior es la zona de la arcada donde más estética demanda la mayoría de los pacientes. En ocasiones, pequeños defectos gingivales pueden cobrar gran importancia al alterar la armonía y la simetría de la sonrisa. En estos casos, es muy importante diagnosticar correctamente para poder planificar un tratamiento predecible, satisfactorio y duradero de la alteración gingival teniendo en cuenta siempre los requerimientos estéticos del paciente, así como los funcionales y de salud. Existen diversas técnicas que pueden solventar estos problemas y su elección dependerá de la alteración y las necesidades del paciente en cada caso


The anterior sextant is the zone of the dental arch where more aesthetics it’s demanded by the patients. Sometimes, some gingival defects can reach great importance when altering the harmony and symmetry of the smile. At this point, it’s needed to properly diagnose the case so a predictable, long-lasting and satisfactory treatment could be reached, always considering the patient’s aesthetics, functional and health requirements. There are several techniques that can solve these gingival defects, and its election would depend on the patient's individual needs


Assuntos
Humanos , Doenças Periodontais/cirurgia , Procedimentos de Cirurgia Plástica/métodos , Gengivoplastia/métodos , Doenças da Gengiva/cirurgia , Retração Gengival/cirurgia , Gengivectomia/métodos , Estética Dentária
2.
Oncol Rep ; 25(5): 1203-9, 2011 May.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21380489

RESUMO

There is considerable interest in the analysis of epigenetic alterations in cancer, including oral cancer and pre-cancerous lesions. These processes affect or inactivate the functions of genes without altering their structure or sequence. One example is the methylation of the promoter region of some genes involved in cell cycle control. Knowledge of methylation patterns is very important for understanding the expression of genes in normal and pathological situations. This review provides an update on research into this issue in oral cancer and pre-cancerous lesions. A greater understanding of this epigenetic alteration could not only assist the diagnosis and prognosis of oral cancer but could also open up novel therapeutic approaches. The presence of methylation in specific tumour suppressor genes could modify their function and alter cell cycle control, so the patients could have an increased risk of developing cancer and also a higher degree of malignancy. The most frequently and extensively studied methylated genes in oral premalignant lesions are p16, MGMT, RARß2, E-cadherin and DAP-kinase.


Assuntos
Metilação de DNA/genética , Neoplasias Bucais/genética , Neoplasias Bucais/patologia , Antineoplásicos/farmacologia , Metilação de DNA/efeitos dos fármacos , Epigenômica , Humanos , Lesões Pré-Cancerosas , Fumar/metabolismo
3.
Av. odontoestomatol ; 26(4): 189-196, jul.-ago. 2010. tab, ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-87537

RESUMO

Este artículo de revisión se propone exponer las principales técnicas de biología molecular disponibles actualmente para los investigadores, en el campo del cáncer y precáncer oral, clasificadas según el tipo de material biológico del que se disponga para iniciar la investigación. Éste puede ser ADN, ARN o proteínas. La explicación de cada técnica comprenderá una breve sistemática del proceso, así como sus ventajas, inconvenientes y estado de actividad actual. Todo ello con la finalidad de esclarecer las aplicaciones, pronto indispensables, de las técnicas más destacadas, en el diagnóstico precoz, pronóstico y tratamiento individualizado del carcinoma oral. Entre las técnicas más útiles en este proceso se encuentran: la electroforesis en gel, las técnicas de hibridación, la tecnología microarray, los biochips, la PCR convencional, la cuantitativa o la transcriptas a inversa, las técnicas de Southern, Northern y Western blot, la secuenciación de ADN, la clonación de genes, la inmunohistoquímica, el ensayo ELISA y lacitometría de flujo. Destacan en particular por su gran utilidad, la tecnología microarray, los biochips y la PCR (AU)


This article summarizes the main techniques in the area of molecular biology that are available for the investigation of oral cancer and precancer. They have been classified depending on the biological material we expect to analyze, which can be DNA, RNA or proteins. The explanation for each technique includes a brief description of its basics, as well as some advantages, drawbacks and current use of the technique. Our aim is to throw light on the applications of these techniques, soon indispensable for most studies, in the early diagnosis, prognosis and individualized treatment of oral carcinoma. The most useful techniques for this objective are nowadays: gel electrophoresis, hybridation, microarray technology, biochips, PCR (conventional, quantitative or reverse transcriptase), Southern, Northern and Western blot studies, DNA sequenciation, cloning, immunohistochemistry, ELISA and flow citrometry. Some techniques that deserve a special mention due to their greater usefulness in the area of oral cancer are microarray technology, biochips and PCR (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Biologia Molecular/métodos , Neoplasias Bucais/diagnóstico
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